This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2012)

This is a list of plants that have a culinary role as vegetables. "Vegetable" can be used in several senses, including culinary, botanical and legal. This list includes botanical fruits such as pumpkins, and does not include herbs, spices, cereals and most culinary fruits and culinary nuts. Currently, edible fungi are not included on this list. Legal vegetables are defined for regulatory, tax and other purposes. Examples include tomatoes, which are a botanical berry, but a culinary vegetable for US tax purposes, and even tomato sauce as found on pizza, which is considered a vegetable for use in school lunches in the US.^[1]

Some culinary vegetables (like laver) are not even members of the plant kingdom, although mushrooms and other fungi are kept off the list for this reason.

Leafy and salad vegetables [edit]

Garden Cress

Iceberg lettuce field in Northern Santa Barbara County

Spinach in flower

Miner's lettuce

• Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus)
• Arugula (Eruca sativa)
• Beet greens (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris)
• Bok choy (白菜 Brassica rapa Chinensis group)
• Borage greens (Borago officinalis)
• Broccoli Rabe (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa)
• Brussels sprout (Brassica oleracea Gemmifera group)
• Cabbage (Brassica oleracea Capitata group)
• Catsear (Hypochaeris radicata)
• Celery (Apium graveolens)
• Celtuce (Lactuca sativa var. asparagina)
• Ceylon spinach (Basella alba)
• Chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius subsp. aconitifolius)
• Chickweed (Stellaria)
• Chicory (Cichorium intybus)
• Chinese Mallow (Malva verticillata)
• Chrysanthemum leaves (Chrysanthemum coronarium)
• Collard greens (Brassica oleracea)
• Corn salad (Valerianella locusta)
• Cress (Lepidium sativum)
• Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)
• Endive (Cichorium endivia)
• Fat hen (Chenopodium album)
• Fiddlehead (Pteridium aquilinum, Athyrium esculentum)
• Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis)
• Garden Rocket (Eruca sativa)
• Golden samphire (Inula crithmoides)
• Good King Henry (Chenopodium bonus-henricus)
• Greater Plantain (Plantago major)
• Kai-lan (Gai Lan 芥蘭 Brassica rapa Alboglabra group)
• Kale (Brassica oleracea Acephala group)
• Komatsuna (Brassica rapa Pervidis or Komatsuna group)
• Kuka (Adansonia spp.)
• Lagos bologi (Talinum fruticosum)
• Lamb's lettuce (Valerianella locusta)
• Lamb's Quarters (Chenopodium album)
• Land cress (Barbarea verna)
• Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
• Lizard's tail (Houttuynia cordata)
• Melokhia (Corchorus olitorius, Corchorus capsularis)
• Miner's Lettuce
• Mizuna greens (Brassica rapa Nipposinica group)
• Mustard (Sinapis alba)
• Napa cabbage (Siu Choi 召菜 Brassica rapa Pekinensis group)
• New Zealand Spinach (Tetragonia tetragonioides)
• Orache (Atriplex hortensis)
• Pak choy (Bok Choy 白菜 Brassica rapa Chinensis group)
• Paracress (Acmella oleracea)
• Pea sprouts/leaves (Pisum sativum)
• Poke (Phytolacca americana)
• Radicchio (Cichorium intybus)
• Samphire (Crithmum maritimum)
• San Choy (潺菜 - broad, green leaves)
• Sculpit/Stridolo (Silene inflata) an Italian vegetable considered to taste like a cross between arugula and cos lettuce
• Sea beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima)
• Sea kale (Crambe maritima)
• Sierra Leone bologi (Crassocephalum spp.)
• Soko (Celosia argentea)
• Sorrel (Rumex acetosa)
• Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)
• Summer purslane (Portulaca oleracea)
• Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla var. flavescens)
• Tatsoi (Brassica rapa Rosularis group)
• Turnip greens (Brassica rapa Rapifera group)
• Watercress (Nasturtium officinale)
• Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica)
• Wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum)
• Winter purslane (Claytonia perfoliata)
• Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)
• Yao Choy (Yu Choy, Rape, 油菜 Brassica napus)

Fruits [edit]

Pumpkins

• Avocado (Persea americana)
• Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum)
• Bitter melon/Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia)
• Chayote (Sechium edule)
• Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
• Ivy Gourd (Coccinia grandis)
• Eggplant/Aubergine/Brinjal (Solanum melongena)
• Luffa (Luffa cylindrica)
• Pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.)
• Squash (Cucurbita spp.)
• Sweet corn aka corn; aka maize (Zea mays)
• Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum Grossum group)
• Tinda (Praecitrullus fistulosus)
• Tomatillo (Physalis philadelphica)
• Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var)
• West Indian gherkin (Cucumis anguria)
• Winter melon (Benincasa hispida)
• Zucchini/Courgette (Cucurbita pepo)

Flowers and flower buds [edit]

Globe artichokes being cooked

• Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus, C. scolymus)
• Broccoli (Brassica oleracea)
• Caper (Capparis spinosa)
• Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea)
• Courgette flowers (Cucurbita spp.)
• Squash blossoms (Cucurbita spp.)

Podded vegetables (Legumes) [edit]

Diversity in dry common beans

Varieties of soybeans are used for many purposes.

• American groundnut (Apios americana)
• Azuki bean (Vigna angularis)
• Black-eyed pea (Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata)
• Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
• Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
• Drumstick (Moringa oleifera)
• Dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus)
• Fava bean (Vicia faba)
• Garbanzo (Cicer arietinum)
• Green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
• Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba)
• Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum)
• Indian pea (Lathyrus sativus)
• Lentil (Lens culinaris)
• Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus)
• Moth bean (Vigna acontifolia)
• Mung bean (Vigna radiata)
• Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)
• Pea (Pisum sativum)
• Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
• Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan)
• Ricebean (Vigna umbellata)
• Runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus)
• Snap pea (Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon)
• Snow pea (Pisum sativum var. saccharatum)
• Soybean (Glycine max)
• Tarwi (tarhui, chocho; Lupinus mutabilis)
• Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius)
• Urad bean (Vigna mungo)
• Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens)
• Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)
• Yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis)

Bulb and stem vegetables [edit]

Garlic bulbs and individual cloves, one peeled.

• Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)
• Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus)
• Celeriac (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum)
• Celery (Apium graveolens)
• Chives (Allium schoenoprasum)
• Elephant Garlic (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum)
• Florence fennel (Foeniculum vulgare var. dulce)
• Garlic (Allium sativum)
• Garlic Chives (Allium tuberosum)
• Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea Gongylodes group)
• Kurrat (Allium ampeloprasum var. kurrat)
• Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus)
• Leek (Allium porrum)
• Lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera)
• Nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica)
• Onion (Allium cepa)
• Pearl onion (A. ampeloprasum var. sectivum or A. ampeloprasum 'Pearl-Onion Group)
• Potato onion ('Aggregatum group' of Allium cepa)
• Prussian asparagus (Ornithogalum pyrenaicum)
• Spring Onion/Scallion (Allium wakegi)
• Shallot (Allium cepa Aggregatum group)
• Tree onion (Allium × proliferum) Also known as Egyptian Walking Onion due to its ability spread straight to another part of the garden
• abusgata (Allium fistulosum)
• Wild leek (Allium tricoccum)

Root and tuberous vegetables [edit]

Carrots come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, and also vary in color, including orange, white and purple.

Potatoes are one of the most used staple foods.

• Ahipa (Pachyrhizus ahipa)
• Arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza)
• Bamboo shoot (Bambusa vulgaris and Phyllostachys edulis)
• Beetroot (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris)
• Burdock (Arctium lappa)
• Broadleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia)
• Camas (Camassia)
• Canna (Canna spp.)
• Carrot (Daucus carota)
• Cassava (Manihot esculenta)
• Chinese artichoke (Stachys affinis)
• Daikon (Raphanus sativus Longipinnatus group)
• Earthnut pea (Lathyrus tuberosus)
• Elephant Foot yam (Amorphophallus_paeoniifolius)
• Ensete (Ensete ventricosum)
• Galangal (Alpinia galanga)
• Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
• Hamburg parsley (Petroselinum crispum var. tuberosum)
• Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
• Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)
• Jícama (Pachyrhizus erosus)
• Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum)
• Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)
• Pignut (Conopodium majus)
• Potato (Solanum tuberosum)
• Prairie turnip (Psoralea esculenta)
• Radish (Raphanus sativus)
• Rutabaga (Brassica napus Napobrassica group)
• Salsify (Tragopogon porrifolius)
• Scorzonera (Scorzonera hispanica)
• Skirret (Sium sisarum)
• Swede (Brassica napus Napobrassica group)
• Sweet Potato or Kumara (Ipomoea batatas)
• Taro (Colocasia esculenta)
• Ti (Cordyline fruticosa)
• Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus)
• Turmeric (Curcuma longa)
• Turnip (Brassica rapa Rapifera group)
• Ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus)
• Wasabi (Wasabia japonica)
• Water caltrop (Trapa natans) or (Trapa bicornis).
• Water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis)
• Yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius)
• Yam (Dioscorea spp.)^[2]

Sea vegetables [edit]

Caulerpa is a genus of edible seaweed.

• Aonori (Monostroma spp., Enteromorpha spp.)
• Arame (Eisenia bicyclis)
• Carola (Callophyllis variegata)
• Dabberlocks or badderlocks (Alaria esculenta)
• Dulse or dillisk (Palmaria palmata)
• Hijiki (Hizikia fusiformis)
• Kombu (Laminaria japonica)
• Laver (or gim) (Porphyra spp.)
• Mozuku (Cladosiphon okamuranus)
• Nori (Porphyra spp.)
• Ogonori (Gracilaria spp.)
• Sea grape (Caulerpa spp.)
• Sea kale (Crambe maritima)
• Sea lettuce (Ulva lactuca)
• Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida)

See also [edit]

• List of culinary fruits
• Vegetable juice
• Herbs

References [edit]

External links [edit]

• Lists of Vegetables